Processor architecture can be classified as one of the following four architectures:
In the accumulator-based processor architecture, illustrated above, instructions … Read More
The microprocessor is typically referred to as the central processing unit (CPU). It is the part of the processor system which processes the data, fetching instructions from memory, decoding them and executing them. The internal structure (architecture) – depends on … Read More
There are two basic primary architectures used for mapping special function registers into memory space. In the first type of arrangement, I/O space and memory space are separated as illustrated in Figure 1.0. The I/O devices have a separate address … Read More
The microprocessor is the heart of a microcomputer system and can be described as a programmable device that accepts binary data from an input device; then processes the data according to the instructions stored in the memory and provides results … Read More
A register is basically an n-bit binary storage element. CPU registers are usually used to temporarily hold data and memory address values that might be required in the near future. Since registers are located within the CPU, they can be … Read More
In terms of functionality, for the microprocessor to be used, other components such as memory or components that provide I/O capability, that is, components for receiving and sending data must be added to it. On the other hand, the microcontroller … Read More
Consider a state where all input/output transfers of data are controlled by the program. When peripherals require attention, they signal the microprocessor by changing the voltage level of an input line. The microprocessor can then respond by jumping to a … Read More
Two types of architectures are standard in microcontrollers, that is, Von Neumann and Harvard architectures.
Von Neumann architecture is used by a large percentage of microcontrollers. It places all memory space on the same bus; instruction and … Read More
A microcontroller is a single-chip computer, that is, the entire computer system lies within the confines of the integrated circuit (IC) chip. The microcontroller on the encapsulated sliver of silicon has features similar to those of a standard personal computer. … Read More
